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There is a style of public speaking that absolutely terrifies a lot of people. But when you see a public speaker speak extemporaneously, it is one of the most relaxed and easy to digest forms of public presentation it is.

Now, to drop the fifty cent word, to speak extemporaneously means to speak without notes. In other words, pure extemporaneous speaking is done entirely without preparation and is done completely “from the hip” so to speak.

There are variations, however, on pure extemporaneous speaking. But if you can adapt to a more extemporaneous style, your presentation will benefit tremendously. Because people speaking directly from their minds to their audiences do not need notes, a podium or any helps at all, the level of eye contact and audience interaction is improved tremendously.

Freed from being tied to a podium and an outline, you can wander free around the stage and even into the audience and speak to them almost face to face. That kind of physical motion will grab an audience’s attention and keep them fascinated with what you are doing for as long as the talk goes on.

But don’t be deceived by thinking that a extemporaneous speech is rambling and has no structure whatsoever. One reason that many very seasoned public speakers go to it is they are capable of capturing and holding the outline of their talk in their minds and speaking from that outline without the aid of notes.

This kind of ability does not just come naturally. To be able to be relaxed enough in front of a crowd to not only speak spontaneously but also to do so while following an outline carried in the mind takes experience and the self confidence that comes with practice.

Giving an extemporaneous talk is equivalent to improv in the theater world. But that doesn’t mean that a speaker who appears to be speaking without preparation is speaking without preparation. Often it means that what you are seeing is the result of extensive preparation.

Many times extemporaneous speaking means that speaker carefully wrote and prepared that talk to have the appearance of spontaneity. Then he or she became so familiar with that outline that it could be delivered completely without prompting.

This is more than just memorization. Memorization implies that the talk must be given word for word as it was written and in exact order. A memorized speech would come unraveled if the speaker lost his or her place because of an interruption.

But an extemporaneous speaker can be interrupted, take questions and even scramble that presentation because that level of familiarity with the talk is so complete that he or she literally lives and breathe what is being presented.

So, is it worth the extra work to learn to speak by “shooting from the hip”? It absolutely is. For one this, to be able to speak extemporaneously is the pinnacle of public speaking skills. When you see such a speaker on television or in a public setting, it may seem that he or she is making it up on the spot.

What you are really witnessing is the Oscar level of skill and ability on display in a public speaking. Anyone who strives for the best can set extemporaneous speaking as a goal.

But more importantly, being able to speak to a group in this manner is such a higher quality of presentation that you as a speaker will not only have more fun, you will see a higher level of response from your audience.

If you are teaching, they will learn better. If you are trying to sell, greater sales. If you are speaking to amuse, more laughs. So for no other reason than to see such improved outcome from the work you put in to public speaking, learn to speak extemporaneously. The rewards are tremendous.

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My boss called me to her office Monday morning. It is always a bit nerve wracking when the boss calls you to their office. You start running scenarios through your mind of all the things you have done recently that they may not have liked. Why? No one knows. Very few people expect to get good news.

I was pleasantly surprised however. She informed me that I was being promoted. Not a lateral promotion but a full promotion including a raise in salary, access to the higher benefits level and a company vehicle. Then she dropped the other shoe. I would have to move. Part of becoming chief of operations for the new call center would require that I pick my family up and move them from Los Angeles to Toronto, Canada.

I conditionally accepted the offer with the explanation that I had to speak with my spouse first. Quickly my employer threw in that I would have a corporate relocation package to help with the expense of moving.

When I got home that evening I explained to my spouse what had transpired. We discussed the pros and cons of moving in general, then did quite a bit of internet research on Toronto and found that the move would be beneficial to all of us. I went into work the next morning and told my employer that I would accept the position. She handed me all the necessary paperwork to complete for the promotion along with the information on the corporate relocation package. In that list there were several companies to choose from that specialized in cross country moving.

I pointed out that we would not just be moving across the country; we would be moving to another country. My boss said that those companies were chosen because they were used to dealing with the small details between Canada and the United States. I was welcome to contact other companies specializing in corporate relocation if I wanted but only a portion of their costs would be covered.

I gave all the information to my spouse that evening. We had less than one month to pack and relocate. The stress of moving around the corner is high. The stress of moving to another country is much higher. My spouse contacted the corporate relocation companies from the list and chose one. They sent us a check list of things to do, arranged for a moving company, and invoiced my company comptroller for all costs. Talk about stress relief.

The only things we had to make sure were done ourselves were on the check list. We gathered all of our personal documentation (birth certificates, wedding certificate, medical records, etc). We packed for what seemed like forever. We had several moving sales and dispersed some other goods among friends and family. We went house shopping online with the help of the corporate relocation company.

The decision had been made to rent until our house in Los Angeles was sold. Finally moving day came and we were actually ready to go. Sad and happy tears and good byes were exchanged with friends and family and we went to the airport while our belongings were loaded into the moving van. We were staying in a hotel until our belongings arrived. It was the most organized move I have ever participated in.

Nir Dotan is a writer and promoter of International Moving services, and
International Shipping Local as well as International Moving.

There are a number of persuasion techniques that you will want to utilize when it comes to delivering a persuasive speech. There are many tools that you will want to use to help you to deliver the speech. You will need to enhance your communication skills and, of course, your influencing skills, in order to make your listening public believe in you and that point of view you are trying to convey.

To help you with a persuasive speech, you will find that there are many tricks that you will want to use as your opening statement. It is practically essential that you catch the attention of your listeners as early as at your opening words. You have to learn how to grab the audience’s attention and then use the body of the speech to keep them interested. The first tool that you will want to utilize is an rhetorical question.

A rhetorical question is a question that does not deserve an answer but something that is to get the audience to think about. But, you could always use a starting statement to get their attention. For instance, if you throw out some horrible static or number that states how many people were hurt or the damage, you will be able to get their attention quickly.

When it comes to dealing with educated crowd you will want to point quotation of some sort. The quotation can be a classic or the quotation can have a little bit of shock value–enough to get their attention..

You can always give the crowd a reference sheet about the subject. You will want to make sure that the references that you utilized in your speech are among the reference sheet, but also some sites and other references that the audience will want to read or check out for further understanding. Remember, not all of the points can be absorbed easily verbally, so it is essential that you have visuals also.

Some of the obvious speck tools are things like visual resources. You will want to bring in a CD, a DVD, pictures, and anything else that you can show to prove and improve your point. Anything like statistics should be blown up and magnified in the speech. You will want to take your time when it comes to the visual aids because they have to support you as your evidence.

You need to look at the tools of a speech so that you can deliver a good performance. You will need the tools of a speech to help you through the speech and also for you to make you comfortable. You will want to make sure that the speech you give is worthy to your audience’s time and with the tools, you will be able to give them just that.

Those are just some of the speaking tools that you will want to use. You will find that there are many other tools that you can utilize in your speech, but you may want to state your creditability even. You have to use some communication skills–even voice modulation, the eye to eye contact, and getting to your audience’s feelings. Indeed, persuasion techniques come in various work of art.

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Successful seminars are generally based upon the concept of giving you the power to believe you can. The speakers usually speak from insights and expertise gained from their own life experiences. Self-improvement seminars give the attendees the tools - and the motivation - to succeed. Thus, a well-organized and well-presented seminar that helps people up the ladder of success can’t help but succeed because we are a success-oriented society - it’s an easy sell with an income potential limited only by your ability to express yourself.

You won’t need an office to make it big with self-improvement seminars. The public doesn’t visit you - you take your programs to them. Self-improvement seminars appeal to almost everybody - from blue-collar workers to top executives.

The average cost per person to attend a seminar is very close to $300 - so your basic audience will be from the upper-income brackets - but if you handle the promotional aspects properly, you’ll pull them in from lesser income brackets as well.

Many seminar promoters employ sales teams to call upon top company executives and either gets them to partially pay the cost of several employees to attend as educational or business improvement investments - or to foot the bill for the sponsorship of a “group seminar” for all of that company’s middle management personnel. Many specialty speakers make in excess of $100,000 per year with regular motivational and/or self-improvement seminars in this fashion.

In the beginning though, you’ll get your start by staging seminars for the general public in restaurant banquet rooms, hotel ballrooms, and convention centers. These will entail advertising costs, plus the charges for the rented space, and an “on-hand” inventory of the materials you want to sell to the people who attend your seminars.

Generally, you’ll do best with an intensive radio advertising campaign during the week preceding your seminar date. In a metropolitan area of half a million population, you should probably spend a couple of thousand dollars on radio advertising, plus about half as much for flamboyant newspaper advertising. Some seminar promoters invest a quarter of their budget in newspapers, then another quarter in direct mail and/or telephone advertising, with half going into radio. Of course, the allocation of your advertising budget should be related to the previous proven pulling power of each media within that particular market. Not too much concern is given to television advertising, excepting for guest appearances of the community service talk shows.

Most promoters spend all of this effort and money to promote a series of free seminars. These free seminars usually draw huge crowds, during which special “front men” turn everybody on with super-motivational stories designed to whet the appetite of those in attendance for more. These free seminars generally last only 45-minutes to an hour, and are strictly motivational in purpose.

Each person in attendance is handed a brochure describing the up-coming “main event” as they leave these free seminars. An attempt is made to get a commitment - at least a deposit for the cost of the “real thing,” which is usually set for the week following. Those who do not commit themselves to attending the big one are then contacted by professional telephone sales people and given the complete sales presentation between the time of the free seminar and the date of the real thing, which and experienced telephone sales people - you can count on closing about 30 to 35% of those who attend your free seminars.

If you don’t have the confidence or inclination to participate - be the principal speaker - at your seminars, you can hire local sales training people, professional people from the medical specialties, local “experts” known through your area newspapers or broad cast media, and/or nationally known speakers willing to travel and operating through speakers’ bureaus. You might want to contact Burt Dubin of Personal Achievement Institute - 225 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 305 -Santa Monica, CA 90401… or Dottie Walters of the ‘National Speakers’ Bureau’ - 400 W. Foothill Blvd. - Glendora, CA 91740.

Finally, I reiterate the fact that there are literally millions of people in all parts of the country willing and able to pay you for helping them to improve themselves. You can start with meetings in your living room, or your local restaurant. All it takes is action on your part to get set up and a push from yourself to start making it happen. Best of luck and now get going with it.

Uchenna Ani-Okoye is an internet marketing advisor.

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If we are well-informed, then the goal in conversation is to select subjects in which all those taking part have an interest. When two people meet, the overlapping of their experiences produces subjects for conversation. Mutual experiences develop interest. How enjoyable it is to talk to someone who visited Mexico last summer as you did! What fun it is to talk to someone who is interested in fly-casting, as you are!

So, the good conversationalist is, first, well-informed, and, second, one who chooses from his information a subject that is interesting to the person or persons to whom lie is talking.

The technique of a good conversation begins with the selection of a topic in which you believe others have an interest. Then, make a sincere effort to determine if others participating in the conversation are really interested. Finally, if they are not interested and cannot participate, change the subject to something in which the interest is more general.

A conversation must not be one-sided; everyone participating must contribute information and interest.

Conversation can be improved if those taking part will contribute good information and ideas. Just because you know a lot about a subject does not insure a successful conversation.

Those concerned must correctly choose appealing topics to make a conversation interesting.

The selection of what to say in a conversation is a different kind of skill from those discussed above. It requires making a choice between the things that are available to say. How can your choices be improved?

Draw others into conversation with topics of interest to which they can contribute.

Contribute materials that are needed to bring others into the conversation. Suppose the subject is fishing, and the group has been concentrating on salt-water fishing. If you know that one of the group fishes mainly in Minnesota’s freshwater lakes, you might ask: “How does this compare with fishing in Minnesota, Harry?”

Contribute what you believe to be your special knowledge. Perhaps in Maine last summer you learned some special information about whaling customs from an old sea captain. Such new information should appeal to the group.

Answer the questions asked of you, but keep your answers short. For example, someone might ask, “Didn’t you catch big bass up in Michigan last summer?” Answer the question but do not go on and on, putting in all the details. Give someone else a chance to talk.

Contribute ideas and information on the conversation at hand. Change the subject only when the group will benefit. If the subject is fishing, do not abruptly shift the topic to sailing unless you ask permission of the group to do so. You might say, “If you don’t mind, I’d like to shift the subject of conversation to sailing.”

When stating an opinion, give your reasons for holding such an opinion. There is nothing more deadly to conversation than the person who is “for” or “against” something but will not say why. He may say, “I do not believe in having any fish and game laws.” When asked why not, and told that this might lead to a serious shortage of fish and game, he simply says, “I’m just against them, that’s all.” This refusal to clarify is harmful to constructive conversation.

If these suggestions are kept in mind when talking to others, you will find that conversation can be a very enjoyable pastime.

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To learn to speak well in public is a valuable skill. There are a number of exercises one can practice to become an excellent public speaker.

The prospective public speaker should memorize and recite the beginnings, climaxes and endings of great orations until they become thoroughly familiar. He will be encouraged to note how certain sentences, phrases and words may be used many times, being combined a little differently in each speech. Demosthenes as well as other famous Greek orators followed the same practice. Demosthenes had a book containing fifty or more stock perorations, climaxes, beginnings, endings, anecdotes, illustrations and form paragraphs which he used repeatedly throughout even his greatest orations, though often with suitable variations.

The same general plan is admirably adapted to the modern speaker. A familiarity with the principles of public speaking should not be left to clergymen, lawyers, statesmen, professors, lecturers and politicians only, since every one may be sure that someone it will be greatly to his advantage to be able to speak distinctly, to the purpose, gracefully, and with genuine fire.

Those engaged in different trades, professions and departments of commerce have organizations for the protection and promotion of their respective vocations, and practically these associations have become debating societies, reaching conclusions and forming rules which cannot be ignored by those whose business interests are involved.

The doctor is often summoned to testify in court, perhaps he is associated with the faculty of some medical college, where he is called upon to lecture. The business man is frequently placed upon educational committees; the farmer called upon at agricultural meetings; the employee to explain business affairs to his employer; in fact, there is no position in life that cannot be benefited and advanced by a knowledge of public speaking.

An excellent exercise is that of paraphrasing, translating written thought into one’s own words as rapidly as possible. This can be applied to popular poems and public speeches. It can be done orally and with as much vigor and variety of voice utterance as the subject would naturally suggest.

Paraphrasing has stood the test of time and its regular practice will do more to increase mental activity than any other exercise. It is an aid to clear expression, improves the phraseology and increases the vocabulary, and fluency in speaking can be acquired in no better way.

To paraphrase an idea is to express the same meaning in different words. It was Lincoln’s favorite method.

While reading aloud, for every adjective, noun and adverb that occurs, substitute a synonym. Read aloud a sentence, close the eyes and write the sentence as remembered. When the mind fails in recollection do not have recourse to the book, but substitute an equivalent for the word or phrase forgotten, taking care to make sense of the passage as a whole; the effort of the brain to recall the last word, and in the event of a failure to do so the substitution of an equivalent constitutes the exercise.

Acquire the habit of listening critically to the best speakers, noting the words particularly when the climax is reached and the speaker’s emotions are deeply stirred; afterward try to reproduce the speech in your own words.

Using the above simple methods, the ability to speak well in public will become second nature. No skill is more valuable.

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